Wing Character | Male | Female | ||
Adult | Immature | Immature | Adult | |
Primaries | Outermost primary similar to and as long as or longer than the adjacent primary | |||
Outer webs black | Outer webs dark blackish brown | |||
Tertials | Shiny black and bluntly pointed; approximately 20 mm. longer than most secondaries | Dark brown and pointed; may be faded at their tips | Very dark blackish brown; tips bluntly pointed; usually less than 20 mm. longer than most secondaries | |
Tertial coverts | Shiny black | Dark brown; noticeably narrower than those of adults; often faded at their tips | Very dark blackish brown; smoothly rounded tips | |
Greater, middle, and lesser coverts | Entirely black; appear smooth | Dark brown; most greater coverts are faded at their tips; they often appear rough | Very dark blackish brown; some are slightly faded at their tips; all appear smooth |