Wing Character | Male | Female | ||
Adult | Immature | Immature | Adult | |
Outermost primary | Deeply attenuated for 55-60 mm. from the tip; shorter than adjacent primary | Not attenuated but noticeably narrower and shorter than the next primary | ||
Tertials | Shiny black and acutely pointed; approximately 30 mm. longer than most secondaries | Dark brown and sharply pointed; often faded at their tips | Very dark brown and bluntly pointed; approximately 20 mm. longer than most secondaries | |
Tertial coverts | Shiny black with rounded tips | Dark brown; narrow slightly toward their tips which are usually slightly frayed and faded | Dark brown; with rounded tips | |
Greater, middle, and lesser coverts | Shiny black with rounded tips | Dark brown; greater coverts often slightly faded near tips; appear rough | Dark brown; may be faded at their tips |